Management of Industrial Relations

Industrial relations is seen as the most subtle and complicated crisis of current Industrial society. It Is Impossible for any organization to have harmonious working environment unless and until there Is a heedful relationship and cooperation with labors.Hence, it is vital for all to have appropriate interest in generating fine relations between the two actors known as employers and employees. This essay will elaborate on the controversial issues such as, strike and absenteeism followed by owe these issues affects the actors mainly employer, employee and entire population either directly or indirectly In their daily lives and whether does this Issues have positive or negative Impact on them.To begin with, Industrial relation Is considered to be a diverse field which Is viewed in different perspectives by three distinctive schools where in unitary school, industrial relations see employer-employee relationships essentially harmonious and conflict is seen as the intrusion, Pluralist p erspective accepts expected conflicts and variety of groups will compete with evergreen interests, objectives and aspirations and through Marxist viewpoint there is a perpetual conflict between the two actors because of the unfair distribution of wealth and power between them.All these diverse nature portrayed by each school has some controversial Issues that Is related with Industrial relations thus, affecting everybody either directly or indirectly. Moving on, the controversial issues are mainly the industrial conflicts in an organization and the most popular one is â€Å"strike' which is a strong weapon utilized by labor alliance or trade unions in regards to getting heir certain demands to be fulfilled.Generally, group of workers relinquish the production process and brings up pressure on the employer In order to get their demands accepted. The most obvious effect of strike on employer Is that production schedules are disrupted and production capacity lowers. This â€Å"direct ly† affects the employers, employees and also the state whereby, employees lose out on working days and because of this, production and profit is forgone to the employers and once profitability level is down there is a huge tax loss by state.Hence, this also indirectly† affects the general public whereby, inflation takes place since there is product scarcity as production disturbance Is caused through strike and as a result, the public faces disruption of certain goods and services. Mostly due to strike there can be a severe economic and social effects and costs which can generally affect the actors, states and entire population.This can be supported through an event that had happened in 1959 in Fijian oil Industry where workers strike for higher wages and benefits like; sick leave and 40 hour workweek; â€Å"The strike was held for complete days in which all the gasoline stations were under stoppage since the fuses were gasoline stations the essential transportation se rvices like bus and taxis also went on strike in order to pressure the employers to accept the demands and also to commence the service soon. This affected the general public since they were deprived from transportation services.Later, the striking crowd grew and because of their demands still not being answered, workers threw rocks at the Europeans. This caused social cost since other shops located beside the gasoline stations were also imaged by the rock thrown and since the curfew was established later therefore, innocent people available near the scenic area also got victimized and had to taken to hospital hence causing social cost where they had to seek medical attentions by doctors† (Global Nonviolent Action Database). On the other hand, strike also has positive impacts whereby it can significantly progress the lives of workers together with their families.Benefits may include where the employees might lose their wages for the certain days but they achieve more in regard s to longer terms for example, wrought strike employees bargains an increment of 5% in their wage rate for an year then basically upcoming increases will be supported by larger amounts. Furthermore, absenteeism and attendance are also importance to industrialized society. Largely, absence from work creates extensive range of consequences on the workers, workplace, the industrial operations, and also the stipulation of goods and services to society. T characterizes a form of momentary revoke from the organization by the employees which enforces essential costs on the process of labor management. Absenteeism is due to many reasons such as Job stress, personal attitude or Job satisfaction but at the same time it also affects generally. This stands out to be the alarmingly high cost to management. This is evident when glanced at some foreign countries like Australia where industries â€Å"through absenteeism lost thirty times the number of working days than strike and eventually loosin g approximately $7 billion annually. Similarly, American industries also encountered it where â€Å"approximately $40 billion is lost annually' (Gorilla, MAGMA, course book). Hence, profitability level is at risk and states lose out on tax. Likewise, employees also lose out where due to absenteeism they might get terminated or dismissed from the employment contract that they were under and as a result, they will be left unemployed and largely it will affect their family since they might not be able to gain access to basic food items for their survival in future thus leading them to poverty.Looking at the population, they will be deprived from non-availability of certain goods and services thus, rise in price of products, leads to a drop in purchasing power and generally low income earned by retail shops. However, being left from work for nine basis can be advantageous for individuals and also for the workplace. It approaches to help in reducing the risk of injuries not only to empl oyees but permits a productive workplace, through sick leave employers are able to get rid of workplace stress and other disorders, and also maintains productive workforce.For instance, an employee is ill but is trying not to affect the Job that is being given therefore, that might affect other employees as that illness can be infectious, making the certain employees ill at the same time thus, more sick leaves are being utilized, eventually effecting the production level for a week or so. Categorized in diverse nature which stands out to be occupied with controversial issues which is in a form of conflicts mainly known as strike and absenteeism.These issues do have both negative and positive impacts on the entire population and employer, employee and also the state where they have to pass through economic and social costs. Eventually, to get rid of these issue and to have a healthy workplace policies must be revised and established hence, having a productive workplace and employers benefit the most which at last promotes betterment to state and the population. Bibliography Invalidates. Swarthmore. Deed, (2014).

Cappies Reviews For Up The Down Staircase

A young, ambitious teacher nurtures the hope of changing the lives of high schoolers by awakening their love in classic literature; however, her innocence causes her to underestimate the rowdiness of her students. Laguna Hill’s production of Up the Down Staircase is a heartwarming play that shows the growing bond between a teacher and her students. This play was made into a film in 1967. Sylvia Barrett is a caring young lady who becomes a teacher in a big city in the hopes of becoming â€Å"friends† with her students.Eventually, she decides to leave the school because she thinks she isn’t making of school. With her head bowed, and her hands quietly laid behind her back, Sylvia shuffles into her homeroom, gazing out at the daunting space as if it were filled with poisonous snakes. It is from this weak, almost pathetic child that Sylvia grows alongside her unruly students. As they, the â€Å"mob† turn from curious agitation to open hostility towards their op pressive English overlord, so too does Sylvia's innocent nature become calloused with anger and frustration.It is in the wake of Alice Blake's (Megan Crayne Beall) accident, the young girl, who's love struck mind still had time to do the homework Ms. Sylvia assigned her, that the entire class comes together. The student's desks, at first turned away from not only the audience, but also Sylvia, slowly turned to face her, symbolizing not only acceptance, but also a powerful unity created not by discipline or fear, but by love and respect. Sylvia's cold-hearted nature melts away and is replaced by confidence and compassion.No longer does she stay rooted to the front of the class, allowing anger and resentment to grow within her, but she moves about, concern for the future of her students written on every expression, and detailed in all her staging. Laguna Hills' â€Å"Up the Down Staircase† is a captivating story of one woman's compassion triumphing over the ignorance of society . With high energy and phenomenal stage chemistry, the entire cast puts on a show to remember.

Drugs State Control Essay

A drug is any substance that alters the normal biological functions of the body. Production of Illegal drugs is normally prohibited and their use is strictly controlled because they can lead to addiction or habituation. Drugs such as heroin, cocaine, ecstasy, and marijuana can be extremely dangerous if wrongly used and beneficial if put into correct use. The issue of drug use and misuse has posed a serious real problem. Prohibition of drug use has been at the center of discussion in various countries across the globe. Since this drugs are now on the hands of the nastiest criminals all over the world, control and regulations are necessary. The only remedy to this menace is full legalization accompanied by appropriate controls. I fully support the motion that drugs should be legalized since prohibition will deny the authorities the chance to educate the children on proper use of the drugs (Gargaro). The ongoing debate on legalization of drugs is asking the government whether it will he lp in solving drug problems appropriately. If I were asked a similar question, I would say yes. This is because the current prohibitions on drugs are just mopping up the problem and not providing real solutions. Legalization and taxations are the only ways through which real solutions can be achieved. Just think of this situation; at least every year in Britain, criminals control billions of pounds in the drug industry instead of the government and traders through the black market. This kind of business has encouraged global terrorism, illegal munitions trade, control on prostitution, and sexual slavery. Almost half of all the criminal offenses committed in the country are drug related. Couldn’t reducing these crimes free our legal services and prisons at least for a moment? Unnecessary prohibitions on drug use has led our children into committing drug related crimes, and this has denied them the much needed advice on drugs, besides undermining our respect for the law. The government should therefore take the obvious step, put all the drugs state control, and impose legislation and taxes on their sale. This will relieve our country the burden of staggering under unnecessary prohibitions (Gray). Prohibitions on drug and substance abuse such as alcohol have been in place since the 1920s in the US and other developed countries. It has made people believe that taking it is a criminal activity, which can land someone in jail. The ill effects of the drugs and alcohol are so adverse such that no sane person could like to be associated with them by using the drug. So many people are convinced that these effects are harmful, and have successfully restrained from the habit. It is good to establish such a law in the society, and most government has effectively controlled drug abuse since time immemorial through prohibitions. For example, the alcohol prohibition act of the 1920s proved effective because cases of alcohol consumption greatly dropped even though it did not succeed in eliminating the alcohol. The rate of crime and drunkenness dropped and taxes were reduced by putting the offenders in jail. Minor crimes such as vagrancy, public indecency, and disorderliness have been successfully eliminated use to these prohibitions. This is enough prove that this method really works (C.S). Prohibition of drug use in countries such as the United States, Britain, and other parts of the larger Europe has proved to be futile and the war on drugs in these societies has caused multiple harms to the users. Since prohibition is aimed at increasing price and penalty of a serious drug habit, it makes it unaffordable for most individuals. Penalizing the use of the drugs drives the law-abiding individuals into the criminal market economy. Criminalizing users and prohibitions exposes them to health risks that could have otherwise been avoided. In addition, it doesn’t make sense to criminalize some drugs while providing a free market to others. This distracts attention from legal to those that a re harmful but legal, such as alcohol. The prohibition on drugs has never and will never work. This attempt of trying to deny people their right of doing what they want with their bodies is doomed to fail as long as the person using the drug does not harm his or her neighbor. The current method that has long been used to fight the drug war is very expensive and has not yielded any meaningful results. It is a simplistic solution that has all along failed to recognize the complexity surrounding the problem. It has also been oblivious of the dangers a drug has on the individual. Full scale legalization of the drug act will enable the state to educate the public on risks associated with drug use, and how such problems can be taken care of. While there is a possibility that the act of legalization of drugs will attract more users, their lives will be much healthier and safer. Let us not get speculative here, since we are aware of people who used to take drugs but still leading healthy lives. For instance Barrack Obama to have taken Cocaine (Hope). The common myth surrounding the whole idea of legalizing drugs is that it will make people law abiding citizens, and enable the government to tax the industry. However, I am not sure whether the cartels will be naà ¯ve enough to allow the government takes over such a lucrative business. If the cigarette market has been able to evade the government’s taxing system, what about this industry that has an elaborate network of producers and illegal suppliers in the market? Legalizing and taxing drugs as some argue is not a solution to the drug menace in the world today. The reason is that the black market will be given an easy path to groove is because the act will be made socially acceptable. It will be much easier to take these substances to the market under the legalization act as opposed to government regulated outlets. This would also increase funding for the crime because the drugs will be easily accessed by users who can in turn lure non-users since there are no laws prohibiting the act. What are the results? The drugs will circulate in the society, destroy more lives, tear families, and cause people to be violent. Even if the current war on drugs is not effective, legalizing drugs is much worse and should not be passed into law (James). Conclusion The war on drug has brought more harm than good, and the policy on drug use has failed to protect the people it is intended to. In Mexico alone, the war on drug policy has claimed close to 14,000 lives since 2006. This figure does not however include those people who have been traumatized, maimed or displaced. Prohibitions on drug use have resulted in wars between the authority and the users in most cities across the world, and this battle seems not to be coming to an end any time soon. The war on drug should therefore, be stopped and pave way for the government to impose control measures and legalize the whole business. I support this motion because I believe that the outcomes of such a move would be beneficial, both for the state itself and in the fight against global drugs crime.

Distinguish between cost leadership and differentiation strategies. Is Essay

Distinguish between cost leadership and differentiation strategies. Is it possible for a company or business unit to follow a cost leadership strategy and a differentiation strategy simultaneously - Essay Example Focus put on the cost leadership approach and differentiation strategy; this paper looks at the differences and the simultaneous working together of the two (Porter & Tanner 2012, pp. 12). Cost leadership strategy is the method by which a firm sets out becoming a low-cost producer in the industry. The cost advantages accrue from different sources depending on the structure of the industry. It may comprise the pursuit of economies of scale, preferential mobility to raw materials and the propriety technology. Low-cost producers tend to find and exploit all the sources of cost advantage. A firm that achieves and can sustain the overall cost leadership is above the average performer in the industry. Such company can command the prices near or at the industry standard (Porter & Tanner 2012, pp. 26). On the other hand, differentiation strategy is the method by which a firm seeks uniqueness in the industry. The distinctiveness is along some of the dimensions widely valued by the buyers. The procedure selects one or a number of attributes that majority of the customers in the industry perceive as significant. Companies in this category exceptionally position themselves to meet the identified needs of its clients. The exclusivity of this strategy is where the company rewarded with a premium price for its uniqueness (Porter & Tanner 2012, pp. 76) It is possible for the company to follow a cost leadership while it follows a differentiation strategy at the same time. Though it does not work for every company. A good example of an organization that can embrace the two approaches together is the Toyota corporation. The Toyota produces quality cars at low price accompanied by differentiating strategy. For example, the introduction of luxury brands of BMW cars and the Mercedes-Benz new series (Porter & Tanner 2012, pp. 138). Some scholars such as Porter argue that cost leadership and differentiation approaches are irreconcilable. A

Read and answer question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Read and answer question - Essay Example The evidence is from the text where employees are received from high school and are trained. Due to the performance, others get promotions. The organization has succeeded mainly due to its structure. Each section of the organization has to work to the optimum to maximize the production. There is a well-set communication system, where employees are able to air their grievances and get the appropriate feedback. The piece rate system can also contribute to more production. Here, the workers are paid based on their input. Therefore, they work harder in order to get more money, and in the process, the company enjoys increased productivity. 3. What is the problem of transporting of Lincoln’s control system to other cultures? What suggestion could you make to Lincoln’s managers to increase the future international manufacturing plants more successful? There is a problem of transporting Lincoln’s idea to other national cultures, as the people are not used to the piece rate system. Most of the companies pay their employees according to the number of days that they have worked. Others find it difficult to give bonuses because they view it as a way in which the company makes losses. The idea of borrowing money to pay their workers is not a good idea. This is because as you borrow in the end, there is a need to pay back the money. Therefore, what they should employ is the piece rate system in the US, as the workers will struggle to work harder in to get more salary, enabling the organization to grow further hence reducing loss

Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Strategy - Essay Example This framework is used to analyse the global pharmaceutical industry. In the given case, it can be noted that the pharmaceutical industry is characterised by a highly risky and lengthy research which is very costly. This industry is capital intensive given that the cost of developing a new drug is estimated at over $ 1 billion which deters other small players from entering it. The industry is also under stringent government regulation which makes it challenging for other competitors to enter it. It is not very easy to find a substitution for a drug given the complexity of the process involved in carrying out the research as well as the costs For instance, Lipitor could not be easily replaced or substituted in the given case study. The buyers are affected by various factors which affect their buying power. As a result of the global economic crisis, consumer spending power with regards to health care has been affected. However, those with medical insurance can afford to meet their heal thcare requirements. Unfortunately, about 46 % of the people in the US do not have medical insurance and this has a bearing on their buying power of the drugs. It also has to be noted that the government controls the industry since it is the largest purchaser of the drugs in a bid to control the health sector. Since this a sensitive sector, it can be noted that the suppliers have no bargaining powers since the industry is strictly controlled. The pricing regime is controlled by the government so there is no single supplier who can charge very high prices. There is intense competition for intellectual property among existing players as they compete to preserve their inventions. This industry is highly specialised and this is the reason why there is rivalry among existing players as they seek to dominate it. Over and above, it can be noted that the Five Forces Framework map is relevant in identifying the environmental forces affecting the global pharmaceutical industry. It can be note d that there are different factors that characterise this industry hence there is need to take these into consideration so as to be in a better position to establish the attractiveness of this particular industry. Failure to do so can result in wrong perceptions about the industry since it is a bit different from other industries. b). In order to establish whether these forces differ by industry sector as well as the place they can be placed in different sectors in the industry life-cycle, it is important to begin by explaining the meaning of industry or product life cycle. Basically, every product has a certain life cycle in the market. Therefore, product life cycle refers to the different phases passed by the product in the market from the time it is introduced until its withdrawal period (Strydom, 2003). The product usually passes through four distinct stages namely: introduction, growth, maturity and decline. From this definition, it can be seen that the five forces discussed ab ove differ by industry sector. For instance, the forces that operate within a clothing and textile industry are different from those operating in the pharmaceutical industries as a result of various reasons. First and foremost, it must be noted that the industry life cycle of the pharmaceutical

Utah symphony and opera merger Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Utah symphony and opera merger - Coursework Example or example responsibility, recognition and challenging work, provide positive satisfaction, occurring from basic conditions of the job itself, like achievement, recognition or personal growth. The hygiene factors that Herzberg identified do not provide positive satisfaction as such, but if they are absent, then it results in dissatisfaction. Examples include job security, fringe benefits and working conditions. Herzberg gave the rational that, since the factors leading towards satisfaction are different from those that lead towards dissatisfaction, therefore the two approaches cannot merely be treated as antonyms of each other. The opposite feeling of satisfaction is not just dissatisfaction, but it is no satisfaction. In a similar way, dissatisfaction’s opposite is, no dissatisfaction. Herzberg argued that through this there are two different human needs that are being portrayed. There are physiological needs that can be fulfilled by money, for example, for the purchase of basic needs like food and shelter. And then, there is the psychological need to achieve and be recognized, and this need is fulfilled by actions that cause a person to grow. Bill Bailey, being the chairman of the board of the Utah Opera Organization, could use these hygiene factors to motivate his employees, by modifying their jobs and giving them job enlargement, job enrichment or empowerment. This would give the employees a sense of recognition, increased responsibility and a feeling of advancement and growth in their careers. 2. Scott Parker, chairman of the board of the Utah Symphony Organization, might use Mcclelland’s Achievement Motivation Theory to convince Mrs. Abravanel to support the merger. David Mcclelland identified three types of needs present in people, the need for achievement, the need for authority and power, and the need for affiliation. People who have achievement motives are provoked by values of excellence, defined roles and responsibilities and real, on time

Assignment (Economics) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

(Economics) - Assignment Example The ban of a product hurts the consumer markets especially if the good was used by a lot of people. When vendors smuggle the goods and bring them to the marketplace illegally society benefits because these goods are providing a utility that is needed for the consumers. I believe that US citizens should boycott companies that abuse its workers in less developed countries. The only way for these companies to stop these unethical practices is for the customers to take proactive action to boycott these types of establishments. A full boycott of an item that is offered at much lower prices might hurt consumers that cannot afford to pay higher prices. Due to the different in opinions of customers it would be hard to implement a full boycott. Country A should produce toys, while country B should produce pineapples. Country A must trade toys for pineapples and country B must trade pineapples for toys. In general country A produces less toys or pineapples than country B. Their competitive advantage is in toys because country B can produce more than twice the amount of pineapples than country A. Since country B can produce 900 pineapples per day this country should concentrate on producing pineapples. The competitive advantage of country B in pineapples is 2.25 to

Sociology of Deviance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sociology of Deviance - Essay Example As such, being a victim of these petty and big crimes can be truly devastating and traumatizing as well. On the other hand, if one tries to set aside angry feelings and desires to get back at the enemy, then he may start to wonder how such a person can do harm to another. The first thing that may come to mind is that the perpetrator is simply a selfish person who will do anything to satisfy himself at the expense of the victim. For people who can go deeper than this thinking, they will start to reflect on the person and what factors could have made him do such a terrible thing. It is always possible that the person may have some form of psychological illness that he is unable to resolve and thus have resulted in a behavior void of any form of guilt or remorse. Aside from this, one may have the thinking that the perpetrator could have experienced some really painful events in his life to make him really angry at the world and does everything to destroy the same environment in order to get back at it. Whatever the reason is behind the deviance is a concept that is very interesting to explore. This time however, the focus will not be in sympathizing with the victim but in trying to get to know the aggressor more deeply and see what is behind the hostility that has driven him to become the person that he probably could not imagine to develop or become. This paper intends to present the hypothesis that deviance is a result of environmental factors that have a major influence in the formation of one’s attitude towards the society but the individual still has the power to imbibe this influence or not. Those who get involved in deviant behavior have done so because it was the society that has taught them to act in this manner in the first place. Each child is born in this world armed with his genetic structure. However, it is not only genetics that plays a major role in this phenomenon.

Outcasts united written by Warren St. John Essay

Outcasts united written by Warren St. John - Essay Example The book has been published in the United States of America by Spiegel & Grau in New York. Characters, Plot & Summary In his masterpiece, John talks about Clarkston, a remote place set aside for providing shelter to the refugees emerging from different corners of the world, from Iraq and Afghanistan to Liberia and Sudan, from Congo and Burundi to Bosnia and other nations. This downtown outside Atlanta, which was once white dominated region, is now a blend of different cultures, religions and colors. â€Å"The local high school in Clarkston, one all white, now had students from more than fifty different countries. Cultures were colliding in Clarkston, and the result was a raw and exceptionally charged experiment in getting along.† (John: 9) The UNHCR has chosen families from the Middle East, Africa and Southeast Asia for offering resettlement in Clarkston. Almost all of these families have landed here empty handed with the backup of government’s assistance for just three months post which they were expected to earn their own livelihood. Leaving one’s own native land and starting a life from scratch on a foreign land, amongst diverse cultures, hurdles were but obvious. But what is inspiring is that this very common state of the uncommon refugees brings them together to form a community of their own. The motto â€Å"Small town †¦. ... The story then progresses with the mentorship of this lady coach who makes these boys face the unpredictable challengers for themselves as well as their parents thereby wiping out all the differences amongst themselves. This Muslim lady in the Deep South had the will and courage to earn the small town and its new dwellers an identity. As one moves further, one can overtly get to know the impeccable efforts of the Middle Eastern lady who leaves no stone unturned to keep the boys away from the streets. The indomitable spirits of these refugees who call themselves â€Å"Fugees† is truly admirable. Their love for soccer accompanied with their bondness after a tight struggle of differences be it of color (black or white), religion (Muslim or Christianity) or language, reveals the strength of action and determination. Even without fancy cleats and embroidered soccer bags which their competitors possessed, this energetic team was dangerously tough for all other teams in the league. T he author nicely portrays the longing of the Fugees for the sense of belonging in their new homes. The discipline that Mufleh brings into the lives of her players might seem brutal at times, but is the bringer of positive results also. Her statement, â€Å"rules, my drills, my way† is something to learn from. (John: 267) Such is the popularity of the story that Outcasts United has been considered by Universal Studios. Conclusion Reading Outcasts United was good. By portraying the true story of the refugees and Mufleh, John has gracefully highlighted a new community which deserves to be treated as a significant part of the existing community. What I found most interesting in the entire book was the

Federal Reserve and the Great Recession Research Paper

Federal Reserve and the Great Recession - Research Paper Example One of the major causes of the Great Recession was the bursting of the housing bubble. Being a regulator of the monetary system, the Federal Reserve could have seen a crisis coming. The major cause of the housing bubble bursting was that the Fed opted to expand their monetary policy; though the regulation was effectively done, this policy was a contributor to the problem. The Federal Reserve might have bowed to the pressure from the government to have the implementation of the housing policy be implemented. It happened that the dot-com crash was followed by a substantial increase in the printing press that resulted in an increase in the monetary base. Additionally, there was a great cut in the federal funds by Greenspan (from 5.6% in 2001 to 1% in 2003). These factors contributed to an increase in the housing among other investments that utilize huge amounts of capital. The Fed could have intervened at this point and develop a regulatory mechanism to prevent the situation from escala ting to the financial crisis and ultimately the Great Recession. The Federal Reserve failed to develop adequate measures that would deal with the insolvency. Two institutions at the center of the Great Recession, Lehman Brothers, and Washington Mutual became insolvent resulting in their collapse. The Fed made a miscalculated attempt to go ahead and support these institutions instead of giving them a chance to fail, the outcome would have been an increase in the amount of savings as well as investments.

The Wall in Robert Frosts Mending Wall As A Symbol of Division Essay Example for Free

The Wall in Robert Frosts Mending Wall As A Symbol of Division Essay The ordinarily mundane takes a thought arousing spin in one of Robert Frost’s earlier works, â€Å"Mending Wall†. This poem is a striking take on an otherwise commonplace ritual between two farmers in the spring. Because the poem is in blank verse, it carries a casual folksy feel throughout, contradictory to its deeper message and paradoxical tone. â€Å"Good fences make good neighbors. † This line is a paradox when compared with the previous statement, â€Å"Something there is that doesn’t love a wall. † Fences equate to walls, and what are walls but provisional boundaries? The boundary in this story is a fence made of stone that separates the properties of two neighboring farmers. This wall is the focal point of the poem, the subject that brings to attention the divide between individuals. The speaker one day finds the wall broken from what appears to be the after effects of winter. He calls his neighbor to meet with him to fix the wall and does so annually. The wall is ironic in that although it separates the two individuals, it brings them together once a year. The two live united, but separated. The wall is a metaphor for the separation between the speaker and the neighbor and perhaps even a greater analogy for the division of people as a society. These divisions could include a division of thought, which we see is different for the two characters. The speaker believes that the wall is unnecessary when he asks his neighbor, â€Å"Why do they make good fences? Isn’t it where there are cows? But here there are no cows. † His neighbor replies with the same old adage he stated before. It is apparent that the neighbor and speaker are of differing opinions and backgrounds. We might even assume that the neighbor and speaker are of different ages, meaning there may be a generational gap between the two that creates this difference of opinion. â€Å"Something there is, that doesn’t love a wall That sends the frozen ground swell underneath it. † A reversal of syntax in the first line paints the narrative in a decidedly ambiguous manor and leaves it up to the reader to interpret what â€Å"something† could be. We find out later that that something likely is nature, or the natural forces of winter. The wall is portrayed as an unnatural thing, something that is not a part of nature, something that does not fit in with the natural environment. This notion is supported when he later states, â€Å"To each the boulders have fallen to each. And some are loaves and some are so nearly balls we have to use a spell to make them balance†. Frost suggests that there is a natural force tearing down the walls because the walls are not natural. The narrator stresses that the rocks that make up the wall fit together so unnaturally and so imperfectly that they need a â€Å"spell† to help them balance. Spells are unnatural and are magical, so it is as if the wall is held up by spells. We can garner from the text that this particular wall has many forces out to destroy it(eg. natural tolls, animals, hunters, etc. ) and its destruction is an annual occurrence. Even its reoccurring destruction implies its unnaturalness and that nature does not agree with it. Perhaps nature itself is intent on destroying the wall, as it is an unnatural extension of man and all unnatural extensions of man(eg. skyscrapers, buildings, cities) are meant to fall down to nature at some point. The paradox again is that the wall is made of stone, or natural elements, and this wall is destroyed each year. Perhaps the destruction is a reflection of the speaker’s desire to break down the physical and imaginary boundary between the two neighbors that the wall represents.

Importance Of Faith And Prayer In Islam Religion Essay

Importance Of Faith And Prayer In Islam Religion Essay The quotation from the course textbook (page 225) gives tremendous significance to faith and rituals of the Islamic culture, both of which are greatly highlighted in the holy book of Quran. The main source where Muslims gain an enormous amount of faith is from reading the holy book of Quran. One must fully believe and understand the messages written in the Quran to have complete faith in it as a Muslim individual because without faith, performing those rituals are useless. For centuries, the Quran has been preserved in its original form as it was first revealed to Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H). Any slight change in it can be easily detected, since over the years, the Quran has been memorized by millions of Muslims all over the world. The originality of the holy book for over a decade is a huge fascination on its own. Since its original script is from God, the Quran is able to hold a great extent of value in the hearts of its followers. The term religious rituals, as explained in our text are basically repeated actions or words that connect an individual to God. The religious rituals in Islam are a few in numbers, but each hold great importance to Muslims. The quote from the text reminds Muslims to keep up with prayers. The ritual of prayer, known as Salat, is the second of the five Pillars of Islam. These five pillars are the five practices that every Muslim is encouraged to perform throughout their life by the holy book of Quran. The ritual of Salat is a distinctive mark of a true believer. This ritual, performed five times during the day, provides a Muslim individual with direct communication with the Creator, the Almighty. The religious ritual of prayer is essential to all Muslims. An individual performs a ritual ablution (wadu), before each prayer, to be in a state of purity. Praying five times provides Muslims with a sense of punctuality in their everyday lives. An individual carries out a prayer in order to praise and admire God for his benevolence. Prayer gives one an opportunity to ask for forgiveness for all the misdeeds committed and also to ask the Almighty to guide him/her in the straight/ right path. As described in the Hadith, one of the sayings of Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H) relates prayer to the convenience of having a stream flowing outside ones door. If an individual could easily bathe in this flowing stream of water five times during the day, he/she will have no filth left on him/her. Likewise, praying five times daily washes away ones sins. This repeated performance of the ritual keeps everyone remembering and fearing God throughout the day. The quote from the text refers to highly important claims and one cannot help but agree with them. Reciting the Quran and keeping up with prayers are the key factors that keep a Muslim connected to Allah, the greatest. Remembering the power of Almighty several times during the day is beneficial in endless number of ways such as keeping an individual away from evil or committing misdeeds and reserving a place in the afterlife (Jannah). These benefits clearly link the ritual of prayer with morality. The term morality, as defined in the text, is a set of norms designed to regulate and govern the conduct of humans. Religious rituals, on the other hand, help keep an individual connected to God and following in the path of guidance of the divine being. Prayer requires complete submission of an individuals mind and soul to the Ultimate. It reminds everyone that the Creator, the Almighty owns everything, including the Day of Judgment. Praying is not done by choice, but is rather obligatory s tarting at the age of seven. The religious ritual of praying can be seen as a true sign of having faith and the quote from the text greatly helps to signify its importance as mentioned in the Quran.

Female Empowerment In Kerala

Female Empowerment In Kerala ABSTRACT : There has been a spate of discussions at various levels especially at the the top hierarchy of the successive governments with reference to apprehension of women empowerment in our country India. Besides it has also been a meeting point of contradicting themes that has resulted in a status quo. The women who stand to gain from governmental measures are already empowered and the vast majority of them, who mostly hail out from rural regions , are still regarded inferior to men in most spheres. In view of this the present paper makes an attempt to highlight how it contradicts as in the state of Kerala which has created a congenial atmosphere for the emergence of women empowerment and development of women entrepreneurship through Kudumbashree. ‘Kudumbashree’, which mean prosperity (shree)‘ of the family ( Kudumbam) is the name of the women oriented, community based, State Poverty Eradication Mission of Government of Kerala. Kerala is a tiny state lying in th e south-west part of Indian federation, where many development experiments are being tested, refined and implemented. The mission aims at the empowerment of women, through forming self-help groups and encouraging their entrepreneurial or other wide range of activities. The purpose of the mission is to ensure that the women should no longer remain as passive recipients of public assistance, but active leaders in women involved development initiatives. Keywords : women empowerment, contradicts , active leaders, Kerala OBJECTIVES : The present paper makes an attempt to highlight the success stories associated to women empowerment, initiatives taken, incentives provided by a unit named Kudumbashree operating widely in the state of Kerala. INTRODUCTION: Women in business is a recent phenomenon in India. They have confined themselves to petty business and tiny cottage industries. They are found in vegetable selling, making pickles, papads etc The spread of education and increased awareness are aiding women to spread their wings into the areas which were the monopoly of men. On the whole, proper education of women in Kerala resulted in high motivation among them to enter into business. The financial, marketing and training assistance provided by the State Government also helped motivate women to assume entrepreneurial career. Women’s desire to work at the place of residence, difficulty of getting jobs in the public and private sectors and the desire for social recognition also motivated women in Kerala for self –development. Kudumbashree was launched by the Government of Kerala in 1998 for wiping out absolute poverty from the State through concentrated community action under the leadership of Local Self Gov ernments, Kudumbashree is today one of the largest women-empowering projects in the country. The programme has 37 lakh members and covers more than 50% of the households in Kerala. Built around three critical components, microcredit,entrepreneurship and empowerment, the Kudumbashree initiative has today succeeded in addressing the basic needs of the less privileged women, thus providing them a more dignified life and a better future. Real empowerment occurs only when rights can be legitimately claimed and are universally acknowledged. It is the endeavor of Kudumbashree to bring the discussion on women’s rights and issues into the heart of the development debate. The organisational structure and capacity building programmes of kudumbashree attempt to develop the leadership capabilities and opportunities for intervention in development activities. The Gender Self Learning Programme is a unique experiment to consolidate womens voices and discuss gender disparities. OVERVIEW: The network of Kudumbashree projects across Kerala is beginning to bear fruits not only in the form of fiscal independence for women but also with a new found self confidence. Kerala is witnessing a silent revolution, spawning womanpower, possibly restoring to the State its lost matriarchal legacy, where the women enjoyed pre-eminence, safety, security and respect, including self-respect. This female empowerment is taking place through the Kudumbashree movement, which has engulfed the State. In Ernakulam district alone there are 19,2424 women in rural and urban areas contributing Rs. 22 crores through deposits to the State economy. Each member contributes Rs 10 a week, which is achieved through a phenomenal feat by trusting women, awakening their inherent saving instinct and abilities to achieve. From the thrift amount loans are granted to them which they return in just three weeks. Loans upto Rs. 26 crores are given to them. Earlier, they had no money of their own to spend or invest . Now they have achieved monetary empowerment, self-reliance and freedom, said Kabir B. Haroon, District Mission Co-ordinator of Kudumbashree in Ernakulam. When one re-scripts their earlier life scenario it is easy to recapture the anguish and trauma they would have experienced in situations, as when school opened. They had to buy bags, books, umbrellas etc. for their children and often they never had the money for it and had to borrow from blade companies, paying exorbitant interest. Now they say, quite proudly, that they are borrowing from their own investments. Similarly, they take loans from their own deposits to celebrate Onam, Christmas or Bakri id. Many of them say that they have lost their enslavement because they are not dependent on anyone anymore. Kudumbashree alone has collected Rs.230 crores as deposits and lent Rs 320 crores as loans. Across Kerala, Kudumbashree covers 991 panchayats and 58 municipalities. Through this network women have the freedom to demand, and to receive money without red tape. In fact, banks volunteer to lend money to Ayalkoottams. Like the Dhanalakshmi Bank, which plans to lend Rs.300 crores to Kudumbashree Ayalkoottams alone, testifying the credibility and investor confidence the women have inspired under the Kudumbashree network. Each Community Development Society (CDS) under the Kundumbasree project is an independent entity, registered under the Charitable Society Act, sans governmental interference. Everyone gets to share responsibility as office bearers, but not more than twice. There are health and education volunteers, infrastructure volunteers, income-generation volunteers, a secretary, and a president, who heads but does not rule. Since the role of Mayor or Panchayat president is limited, the women face no interference or influence from men, unlike in the Panchayat where political influences and husbands often rule by proxy. The women are free to present crucial issues like water, power or housing before the Grama Sabha under the Ayalkootam network. The flagship of the Ernakulam Kudumbashree is the Kuttampuzha tribal belt where the women are so empowered that they have been able to control the price line in the Kothamangalam belt and even ban arrack, both its brewing and consumption. The women engage jeeps to buy provisions and vegetables in bulk and sell them to members at the cheapest possible price, thus controlling the prices in the area. This is the impact of women in Kuttampuzha, Earlier, rice had to be distributed to adivasis to prevent starvation deaths. Now it is the Kudumbasree, which ensures that adivasis get their quota of rice. In this adivasi belt the thrift deposit amount is Rs. 44 lakhs and the loans amount to Rs. 80 lakhs. These poor women become conscious not only of fiscal saving but also about saying that they have effectively managed plastic ban by introducing cloth bags and have started using areca-nut frond (Paala) as plates at functions not only to boost plastic ban but also to protect the areca trees. Women have also taken over the sale of tender coconuts and have started manufacturing `Kerashree coconut oil.The snowball ice cream is another new and popular venture of these women. Made out of tender coconut, which is not slit open to extract the tender flesh, but is stirred inside and drunk, using a straw has gained popularity among foreign tourists. This project is under the aegis of Centre for Spices and Research, Government of India. IT SECTOR Women under the Kudumbasree have also entered the IT field through data entry and in assembling units. Kudumbashree computer centre has developed hardware for printing ration card, etc. Kudumbashree units also impart IT education in 158 schools in Kerala, with a Rs.10 crores grant from the Union Govt. Six girls in each unit acquire the skill to teach students of classes eight and nine, under this scheme. Kudumbashree women are acquiring computer literacy and also supply computer hardware to such schools. TOURISIM AND ALLIED SECTORS The Kudumbashree is having an impact across Kerala. In Fort Kochi, the beach is cleaned and maintained by the women, who collect Rs.1200 for it from the Tourism Department.They also maintain the heritage zone . Women have also stepped in to produce ethnic fast food with help from the Syndicate Bank. They manufacture bakery items and reach them directly to houses, as well as provisions, like rice, soaps tea etc; often earning up to Rs.16,000 a month. There are at least 450 women in this field, who have sold around Rs. 18 lakhs worth provisions during the 10 days of Onam collecting Rs.3,000 each in the bargain. DIRECT MARKETING Direct marketing has become the hallmark of Kudumbashree thus eliminating middlemen and ensuring that actual profits reach the producer. There are 45 direct marketing units in Ernakulam District. In all, Kudumbashree has effected a healthy change in the Kerala scenario. The women have become self-confident under it and they have regained their individuality and also gives an avenue to step out, to interact, to expand their horizons which is no more limited to the four walls of our homes. EMPOWERMENT STORIES UNDER THE ROOF OF KUDUMBASHREE NOW WOMEN CAN CLIMB COCONUT TREES (December 15,2009) Climbing coconut trees is considered to be the monopoly of men, and increasingly it is felt that there are fewer people to climb. These views may be a thing of the past as Kudumbashree and Raidco initiated a tree climbing training programme. A package has been developed, where the equipment costing Rs 2350 and which can climb even the most twisted coconut trees, is given together with a Scooty, mobile phone at a total cost of Rs 40000 for which a bank loan can be availed. Kudumbashree provides a subsidy of Rs 7500. The Panchayat also provides support for equipment purchase. Women from 90 Gram Panchayats took part in the training cum demonstration organized at the Mallapuram Municipal Compound. It takes two weeks of training and practice to master climbing trees with these equipment. The equipment is currently in use in Nedirippur- Harijan Colony, Chungattam and Edakari, where each person makes an average income of Rs 650 per day. Traditional climbers also find this equipment useful a nd found out that they don’t suffer from chest pain while using it. The equipment also has a mechanism whereby it can be locked and the top of the tree cleaned effectively. Technically professional climbers can work upto 110 trees in five hours. A WOMEN TURNS INTO A STORY MAKER It’s not often that an inborn talent becomes a business and a way of life. Ordinarily Jesse Thomas’ talent would not have been noticed, but many people know her today because of her unique ‘product’- books, which she writes and publishes. Not only does she write but also publishes, popularizes and builds a reader base for her books. Jesse Thomas is based in Thrissur. Her husband Thomas drives an autorickshaw, and she has two children-Justin and Tesse. Jesse started writing at the age of eleven. Her friends were her first readers and critics. She wrote about everyday life and things that she saw around her. With the encouragement of her teachers, her story was published in a magazine from Enrakulam, Pushparani ; when she was 13 years old. Thereafter six other stories were published, but her first book was published only in December 2008. For Jesse, who had to discontinue educated after the 9th standard to care for her siblings, this is remarkable perseveranc e. The lack of formal education was not detterent to her urge to tell stories, and she kept writing. Her mother supported the family by selling vegetables after father left his wife and five children in a state of penury. Jesse married Thomas when she was twenty yers. Thomas has been a source of strength and encouragement and has supported her efforts to write and publish. Jesse received support from the Thrissur Corporation under SJSRY with a loan of Rs 75000. With this she wrote and published the book â€Å" Jeevanude Vilakku Enniki Kittum† ( I will get the lamp of life ). Though her popularity increased and the sales were reasonable she still has unsold books and a loan to repay. She however did not give up and continues to write and publish. Jesse is the President of the Namma Neighbourhood Group in the 25th ward of Thrissur Corporation. It’s a common sight to see her books being displayed alongside pickles and dried products at the Kudumbashree monthly market. Jes se has learnt the challenges in publicity and sales through experience, but has the self –confidence to move forward. Her activity is unusual and is driven purely by her talent and enthusiasm, but with the right support, she could become a well known writer. . AN OFFERING OF TURMERIC IN HARIPADA Cultivation of turmeric is not widespread in Kerala. Seasonal rainfall and open land without shade is needed for turmeric cultivation. Middlemen take most of the profits and procedures with meager returns. Sixty women from several neighbourhood groups in Haripada Gram Panchayat in Allapuzha district, decided to take up turmeric cultivation. Turmeric is an offering at the Mannarashala temple of serpent gods which has several women devotees. The turmeric production is a joint initiative of Kudumbashree and the Panchayat under the Samagra initiative. Of the 60 women from five Gram Panchayats involved in this activity, 30 are engaged in cultivation and 30 in production of seeds. Each day 50kg of turmeric is harvested and supplied to the temple through an agency. The market is assured and they are not exploited by middlemen. It is hoped that as they gain confidence, the women will directly take up marketing activities as well. NEW WAYS TO ADDRESS MILK SCARCITY Nature Fresh is a new initiative of Kudumbashree for production of marketing of milk. It has been initiated in Edavetti Grama Panchayat in Idukki District and Kannadi Grama Panchayat in Palakkad District. 55 Kudumbashree enterprises across 14 wards of Kannadi village are involved in this enterprise. 50 women with dairy units of two cows each are engaged in milk production and 5 women are involved in sale of milk. These nterprises have been established at a cost of Rs 35.5 lakhs wherein Rs 16 lakhs has been provided by Palakkad Disatrict Panchayat and Rs 19 lakhs as bank loan. The integrated intervention addresses all stages of dairy management. Each dairy unit with two cows and calves has a shed of 430sq.ft. The floor is designed such that no dung or water stagnates, and is drained out effectively. The shed is well ventilated and easy to clean. There is also water storage facility in the shed. Each unit has an equipment box. All families are trained in scientific care of the animals. The milk is tested and must meet basic standards of 3.5% fat and lactometer reading of 28 for the milk to be accepted for marketing. The milk is bottled and sold to houses within an hour of milking. In Kerala which faces a scarcity of milk, the Nature Fresh experiment in Idukki district sets an example. Kudumbashree proposes to initiate the Nature Fresh initiative in two Gram Panchayats in all districts. GENDER SELF LEARNING PROGRAMME Kudumbashree have been working on a programme that aims at getting women to discuss the gender dimension of their issues. For this they had to break the mould of thrift and credit based discussions which alone were taking place, apart from the odd health or other dissemination .Locally contextualised modules on issues such as women and work, women and health, women and mobility, women and entertainment are developed and deliberated in Neighbourhood Group meetings. The different voices of women and their perceptions about the topics of discussion are captured on a web-based portal accessible at the level of the Local Self Government. The portal is being developed with the support of the Minister of Information Technology, Government of India Awareness building programmes seem not to leave any sustained impact. It was felt therefore that a learning process in which the women felt themselves to have a stake, and would be delivered not through trainings, but through discussions focusing on some aspect of their lives and livelihoods they could relate to, either through a story line, or through some other format- press cuttings, poems, skit etc. had to be the mode of delivery. State level consultations help identify the themes of the ‘learning modules’, The content for the learning modules are prepared by local women resource persons, who source the stories out of their own experiences for further contextualisation and development. Once the modules are developed, they are consolidated and disseminated by resource persons in the neighbourhood groups. Women are encouraged to ask questions about themes ranging from work and environment to health, power and power structure. Kudumbashree is actively involved in the myriad aspects of implementation of the programme, from job card registration through labour budgeting and work site facilitation to social audit. Moreover, it is the single rights based programme spearheaded by the state, which recognizes womenâ €™s work participation concerns as a matter of rights and equity. CONCLUSION : Today there is a great awakening among women. Given an opportunity, they will deliever the results. Empowerment of women is absolutely necessary in straightening her personality. The need of an hour is to provide an opportunity in a conducive atmosphere free from gender difference. The need for awareness motivationto be an active member of the society and courage the faults of male counterparts are great challenges today. The above paradigm is about inclusive growth through self-employment opportunities that every strata in our society can access influencing a transformational change in delievering self-sustaining profitability. REFERENCES : 1) Vasant Desai (2011)(Ed) , â€Å"The Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Development and Management†- Planning for Future Sustainable Growth, Himalaya Publishing House 2) S.S Khanka (2001)(Ed), ‘Entrepreneurial Development’- S. Chand Publications 3) The Hindu – Online edition of India National Newspaper http://www.kudumshree.org/ on Monday , Nov 03 ,2003

Differing Carbohydrate Recommendations of the Atkins Diet and Food Pyramid :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Differing Carbohydrate Recommendations of the Atkins Diet and Food Pyramid   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A review of the carbohydrate intake of the Atkins Diet and the Food Pyramid Guide allow a comparison of their potential health effects relative to each other.   The Atkins Diet and the Food Pyramid Guide propose different levels of carbohydrate intake. The Atkins Diet allows for an extremely limited intake of carbohydrates, as little as one serving which is roughly 20 grams. The Food Pyramid Guide allows about 120-220 grams of carbohydrates a day, which are roughly six to eleven servings. These different levels of carbohydrate intake influence the body’s metabolism because â€Å"carbohydrates are an organic compound that serves as a major energy source for the body† (Dictionary.com). These carbohydrates convert to sugars that trigger insulin production, which our body needs for certain processes, and triggers fat storage (Health-Doc.com). According to the Institute of Medicine, adults should get 45 to 65 percent of their daily calories from carbohydrates. This is roughly seven servings based on a 2000 calorie/day diet.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Atkins Diet, in requiring a significantly smaller amount of carbohydrates than the Institute of Medicine, attempts to realign the dieter’s metabolism.   In the first two weeks of the diet no more than twenty grams of carbohydrates a day are to be eaten. Twenty grams of carbohydrates a day is the equivalent of one slice of bread. After this two-week induction period is over the diet is allowed to slowly increase its carbohydrate increments to about fifty grams of carbohydrates a day, or about two to three servings. The benefit of this low consumption of carbohydrates with the Atkins diet is to â€Å"efficiently switch your body from a carbohydrate-burning metabolism to a primarily fat-burning (your fat!) metabolism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  [The Atkins Diet is also supposed to] stabilize your blood sugar and abruptly halt a myriad of symptoms indicative of unstable blood sugar, such as fatigue, mood swings, brain fog and an inability to function at your best. This diet also will curb your cravings by stabilizing your blood sugar and break addictions to foods such as sugar, wheat or corn derivatives, alcohol, caffeine, grain or any other food† (Atkins.com). While these claims seem somewhat sweeping, they remain claims that are not supported by scientific information provided by their website, Atkins.com. The lack of supporting information and the grandiose nature of the claims make the science behind this diet seem somewhat suspect.

Masturbation: There is Nothing Wrong With A Little Self -Love Essay

Masturbation is defined as the self-stimulation of the genitals to achieve sexual arousal and pleasure, usually to the point of orgasm/sexual climax (Knowles, 2002). It is a natural process and one of the most common sexual activities that humans take part in. The subject of masturbation has long been a taboo topic and seen is a sin in many Western religious cultures. Because of this, guilt and shame are associated with masturbation. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries many believed masturbation caused illnesses and it was seen as a disease. This has been proven to be untrue and in fact many medical professionals now believe masturbation to be good for a persons physical and sexual health. Masturbation is a natural healthy process and should not be viewed as something sinful and unnatural. Masturbation Masturbation is one of the first sexual experiences a person will have and it usually done by stimulating the penis or clitoris with a hand, fingers or â€Å"sex toys† (Knowles, 2002). Masturbation is way of discovering ones sexual â€Å"potential† and is done for various reasons. Some people may masturbate to relieve sexual tension, to help them fall asleep, or as a safe sex alternative just to name a few. It begins as early as infancy and can continue into adulthood with varying frequency, with or with out a partner but is not considered a substitute for sex, merely a variation. Masturbation â€Å"does not cause any physical injury or harm to the body, and can be performed in moderation throughout a person's lifetime as a part of normal sexual behavior† (Knowles, 2002). The Hate Masturbation has been viewed as a shameful act â€Å"having pathological origins and negative physical and mental health consequences†(Knowles, 2002). T... ...d Johnson on Sex and Human Loving. Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Company. Moglia, Ronald Filiberti, and Jon Knowles, eds. (1997). All About Sex: A Family Resource on Sex and Sexuality. New York, NY: Three Rivers Press. Mosher, Donald L., and Susan G. Vonderheide. (1985). " Contributions of Sex Guilt and Masturbation Guilt to Women's Contraceptive Attitudes and Use." The Journal of Sex Research, 21(1), 2439. National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior (NSSHB). Findings from the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, Centre for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University. Journal of Sexual Medicine, Vol. 7, Supplement 5. Rowan, Edward L. (2000). The Joy of SelfPleasuring. New York, NY: Prometheus Books. Yarber, W. L., Sayad, B. J., & Strong, B. (2010). Human sexuality: diversity in contemporary America (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Interdisciplinary Approach to International Relations Theory Essay

International relations is generally the study of foreign affairs and international issues among states within a global system. Here, the roles of the states, international agencies, and non-government organizations are analyzed using proper statistical techniques or induction methods. In the past, the study of IR theories was usually limited to geo-political variables (and some economic variables). Today, the approach to studying IR theories is essentially interdisciplinary in orientation and global in application. Total effects of different types of variables are generally taken into consideration. For example, Wallerstein’s creation of the world system theory was essentially based on two determinant variables: political power of states and economic bargaining power. Wallerstein argued that political power determines the global status of a particular state. Economic bargaining power determines the level of control of a particular state in the world economy. In an interdisciplinary approach, propositions from other legitimate field of subjects are usually taken into account. Academic propositions and hypotheses from other fields are given consideration for their explanatory value. Interdisciplinary approach to the study of IR theories provides a clear whole figure of global phenomena. In short, by expanding the bases of study, the predictive value of such approach increases. This, essentially, makes a particular IR theory to be self-sufficient and reliable. Does this make ‘understanding’ more complicated? In fact, an interdisciplinary approach to IR makes the whole analysis more simple and flexible. A person reading an IR theory or proposition can easily pinpoint the ‘observed possible causes’ of global events. In short, while an interdisciplinary approach broadens the analysis, it nevertheless gives a complete picture of a particular event. Hence, IR models become complicated without a possible loss on understanding. Therefore, it is possible to say that the level of abstract complications can result to a narrower form of analysis (wrong functional form). It is also to argue that the best IR models are the ones which take into account the existence of variables. The form first would be thoroughly examined before giving any prediction.

Foreign Direct Investment Essay

at that place has been a rise feed of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the worlds economy. In the ancient decade businesses pay back become orbicular repayable to the increase liberalization, changing detonating device markets and changing applied science. With easy and effective intercourse systems investing of companies in contrary countries has been do easy. Foreign accept investment arrive ats the deuce countries, the host and the c every last(predicate)er-out investing. A elevated percentage of investment made done FDI involves building and fixtures or machinery and equipment. (www. oecd. org) Growing disdain has caused an increase in FDI.world(a)ization has resulted to broadened markets that press for increased mathematical production of skilfuls and services to adjoin the demand. Production levels across the globe stick besides risen precipitating heroic corporations to invest in external countries. Corporations turn out the capital and resources t o move their production bases to foreign countries. The service sector has in addition expanded. With technology advancement, skills and expertise bedevil been developed. Corporations have take strategies that leave alone increase active world(a) investment and this is evident in the youthful cross-border mergers.Strong corporate gainfulness has enabled corpo rank invests in the developing countries promoting FDI. Low interest rates and high real estate prices have also led to the to a lower enthronepinning of FDI. With the low US dollar value investors with other currencies gained the proportional service in investing in foreign countries. General macro scotchal return in major economies has been reason arse increased FDI. (www. oecd. org) Countries prefer FDI as a strategy for entering foreign markets to exports and granting foreign entities the right to bring their products under license. palpable disclosure net occur when a local firm is given the product under l icense. It could give important breeding about invention and imitation could occur. The MNCs could lose their workers to imitation product companies. by FDI, the MNCs can access big market and can produce at rock-bottom tolls. These leave escort that their profitability levels are higher. FDI provide grounds under which future trade barriers can be countered. Exportation is constrained by transportation system costs and trade barriers wish well obligations and quotas.Licensing hinders the company from direct control and this creates loopholes that lead to reduced profitability. (Kreinin M. and Plummer M, 2002) Firms based in the same perseverance can undertake foreign direct investment at the same clock time when the local demand in the impudent area can support local interpret. They can also locate such(prenominal) firms when there is price contention and cost pressure. just about areas have a proportional advantage over others and this makes them more approbative . They could be endowed with resources that the investors exploit using their scientific and managerial capabilities.They reduce their costs as regional manufacturing plants serve regional markets. political ideology influences government policy towards FDI. Some countries view MNCs as tools of imperialistic domination out to exploit their resources. MNCs exploits the developing countries and creates dependency in monetary value of jobs and technology. They contri plainlye to their continued backwardness, as they do not give back expensive make in return to the resources they exploit. exploitation countries provide cheap labor and affectionate materials. Another view is the comparative advantage where countries benefit from FDI.This view is beneficial as host countries allow FDI and gain from it. They sweep up products they do not produce and at lower costs. In this view countries produce what they can at least cost. Governments can restrict or leaven FDI. If a government p rotects its domestic industries producing the same output as a foreign corporation, FDI forgeting be discouraged. (Anderson K. and Blackhurst R, 1993) Governments can make policies on the location of multinational corporations (MNCs) that are kick upstairsable and that would increase FDIS.They can also promote or put in place proper infrastructure like good transportation systems, education and transparency all of which works to encourage FDI. Peace and stability are very important factors in influencing FDI. Government must therefore image that they maintain law, and order political fermentation deters FDI. Grants subsidies and tax concessions encourage inward FDI. There are economic and political harmonys that favor regional economic integrating like EU, NAFTA and MERCOSUR all of which have implications for business. scotch integrating in the midst of nations could be though preferential trade area (PTA) where countries are offered tariff reduction and discrimination i s reduced to piece countries. Free trade area (FTA) could also be offered where countries eliminate tariffs between themselves but maintain their own external tariff on imports. Custom mergers eliminate tariffs between themselves but set a parking lot external tariff for instance the EU. Countries could also adopt a parking area market, economic union or monetary union level. (Kreinin M.and Plummer M, 2002) Economic arguments for economic integration. There is increased trade as countries produce what they have comparative advantage in. Foreign supply is reduced and trade diversity is promoted wind to economic growth. Member countries enjoy the economies of ordered series Political argument for economic integration is that it promotes peace and stability among member countries. Arguments against economic integration. Dumping of products can occur due to the eradication of barriers. Some countries tend to benefit more than others.Countries may feel as they are losing their sove reignty, which is their sense of pride. (Hoekman B. and Schiff M, 2002. ) The European junction is an economic union where member countries permission free movement of good, services and flock and it uses a common currency it was ab initio known as the European Economic Community or common market. The northbound America Free Trade discernment is a free trade agreement of Canada, US and Mexico. It eliminates barriers to trade and promotes fair competition and increased investment opportunities. MERCOSUR- comprises of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.It transformed from a custom union to a common market in 2006. The Asia pacific economic cooperation comprises 21 members. It was formed in 1989 finished informal dialogue it promotes trade and investment and economic co-operation. The future of this great economic integration is promising. Businesses that are inherent in regional economic integration agreements will thrive if conditions in their regions are favorable. They will respond to the forces of demand and supply. Competition will be high and this will ensure that quality products are produced.References Peter M. Suranovic. Trends and modern developments in FDI. Retrieved on 22nd January 2008 from http//www. oecd. org/dataoecd/62/43/38818788. pdf. Anderson K. and Blackhurst R. 1993. Regional integrating and the Global Trading System, London and New York, reaper Wheat sheafs. Hoekman B. and Schiff M. 2002. Benefiting from regional integration. In Hoekman B. , Mattoo A. & side P. Development, Trade, and the WTO A Handbook, Washington, DC. World Bank. Kreinin M. and Plummer M. 2002. Economic Integration and Development Has Regionalism Delivered for Developing Countries? Cheltenham, Edward Elgar.

A Memorable Day in My Life. Essay

A memorable twenty-four hours in my life. Life is full of various events and experiences. just in on the whole of these are not equ e realy important, enjoyable and memorable. some(prenominal) are memorable. I am a student. at that place are some memorable days and they stay install evergreen in my heart. My first day at trail is such a day. It was the month of January, 2007. I was then only six years old. My puzzle proposed that I should be receiptted into a school in mark one the next day. I felt very excited. I could not think of anything else.I was evermore thinking about the school, the teachers as I watched on the TV. I could not even sleep surface that night. The next morning my m new(prenominal) woke me early in the morning. She washed me very well, combed my hair and garmented in rude(a) clothes. thence I had eat and started for the school with my give. He took me to the nearest NHF Primary work of our locality at 9. 30 am. The school was not very far fro m our home. So we walk all the way. It took us half an hour to reach the school.When I stepped inside the school compound with my father I was somewhat afraid. I saw many students on the school campus. Some were playing some were talking to each other. Finding me in a in the buff environment my heart began to beat. At first my father took me to the headmasters room and requested him to admit me in stratum one. At first I felt a while nervous and shy. But his smiling face and gentle eyes put me at ease. He asked me my name and I answered him. Then he pointed me a letter chart and asked me to register some letters.I could say them all because my niggle taught me them at home. Then he became very pleased with me and admitted me in fellowship one. Then he called Ms Fatema, the class teacher of class one to take me to the class. She welcomed me and took me to the class and gave me a seat. All the students in the class were thoroughgoing(a) at me. I felt a bit nervous once again to see the new faces. But soon I became very easy. The class lasted 35 minutes I had four other periods with a break of 30 minutes. I be that all my teachers were careful, friendly and helpful.At the leisure period all of my classmates started playing in the field. I felt very lonely and was loitering here and there. Then they invited me to join them. I started playing. I felt myself like a unornamented bird flying in the open sky. My school broke up at 12 pm. My mother was at the gate to receive me. I leapt into her arms. She kissed me and caught me at her arms. Thus I finished my first day at school. I left the school at with new experience and cheerful mind. I shall never forget the day as long as I live.

Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Review Answers

What is the equating for photosynthesis? CA + OH C6H1206 + 602 6. What be susp blockade in the politic strata Of chloroplasts? load up of ayatollahs c wholeed high-and-mighty 7. _ Photosynthesis/Diocletian Pathway_ is a serial publication of associate chemic substance substance answers from which cleverness from the sun is born-again into chemical cypher in the pass urine of thorough compounds. 8. What is the subprogram of chlorophyl? latch on hang cypher wherefore is it thou? viridity colorize reflected 9. What commode get hold to sparkle when it strikes an objective lens? Reflected, Absorbed, and contagious 10. What happens when chlorophyll absorbs legerity source? negatrons ar raised to a higher(prenominal)(prenominal) dynamism take aim 11. Where do the negatron from a chlorophyll whit go when they fail to a higher vital force aim? negatron enrapture reach 12. negatrons effect in photosynthesis argon fin all(prenominal)y re fleckd by e lectrons from _photosynthesis II . 13. Where does the atomic number 8 seeded player from that is dod in photosynthesis? wet 14. What is the major(ip) turgidity by forceuct of photosynthesis? type O 15. Photosynthesis passs in the ethylated membrane and converts soft pushing into chemical competency. 16. What c be for succeeds the animation to drudgeuce wiretap molecules? Photosynthesis 17.Ethylated membrane is where electrons turn in to their superior push button levels. 8. Calvin_ cal break-dance offar method creates the doughs requisite for zip fastener and appendage in photosynthesis. What some other ingrained molecules argon produced? Proteins and Lipids 19. chance upon the both prod cuts of the dim chemical reaction in photosynthesis that provide zero for the Calvin rhythm. implore and NADIA 20. What does the Calvin stave claim? criticise and NADIA go off it occur in light and fatal conditions? Yes What does the Calvin wheel succumb? Glu cose 21 . Where does the work stoppage for the Calvin motorbike get along with from for the per instituteance of carbohydrate molecules? sporting Reactions of photosynthesis 22. Where do all the carbon copy atoms in constituent(a) lessees in the long run come from? snow Dioxide from the airwave 23. wherefore is strike hard important? inherent for all tasks needful for cells accompaniment 24. What atom smasher is produced in photosynthesis needful for cellular breathing? type O 25. What is the comparison for cellular ventilation system? C6H1206 + 602 chichi + OH + heftiness ( splatter) 26. What surgical procedure dislocations lot forage molecules to abandon stored brawniness? cellular public discussion 27. What occurs during glycoside? pinpoint of glucose is split, both molecules of dibrach acid be made, and 2 Taps be produced.Is glycoside an aerophilic or anaerobiotic reaction? an aerobic 28. What is the movement that takes place when radical compounds atomic number 18 refine(p) subjugate anaerobic (without type O)? turmoil 29. What is produced in muscles when you role sprucely in the absence seizure of unavoidable oxygen? lactic loony toons 30. material body the terzetto dots of cellular ventilating system. Glycoside, Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle, and negatron communicate reach What ar the dickens primary(prenominal) stages for cellular public discussion? Glycoside and aerobic public discussion Which stage prod cues the approximately nix? Electron remove image 31 NADIA, CA, and faddy are organise during the Krebs Cycle. 32.What two aerobic stages in cellular breathing take overmatch about of the rap music call for for life, break down glucose into coulomb Dioxide, water, and hit? Krebs Cycle and Electron delight arrange 33. What are the end products of the electron transferral cooking stove in cellular respiration? body of water and Taps 34. Electrons merge with oxygen and proto ns to represent water at the end of the electron trance bowed stringed instrument . 35. When living cells break down molecules, what is the form of vitality stored and energy released Stored as TAP and hotness is released 36. What two molecules donate the electrons for the electron bewitch bowed stringed instrument? faddish and NADIA and water system

Case Study of “Sterling Marking Products Inc Essay

glide path into my persona in 1986 to administrate the world-wide tradeing, sterling(prenominal) had begun exportation sub-assemblies to the U.K. greatest is turn to utilizing Julius Blumberg to lucubrate gross revenue into the US. Our gross revenue inside some(prenominal) grocerys atomic number 18 soon non livelihood up to what the supranational merchandise citizens committee recollects to be our dead on tar pass prob adequate to(p). Regarding gross sales inwardly the US, greatest involve to supplement the friendship and selective information kick upstairsed from doing problem by Julius Blumberg to bring in a position get of sales at bottom the sphere. precisely organism in a compile of some other gild is not skirmish expectations. We call for to supplement the aggressive, order sales methods we saying make it minded(p)(p) that Blumberg does not notion satisfied with this byplay of merchandiseing, we should reflection to kick in a ancillary at bottom the country to improver take aim perplexity everyplace the operations. With coterminous proximity of study urban c encrypts to our Canadian offices, I bump that this advise be effectuate with marginal bump. Noting that the subjoin in lawyers and incorporations socio-economic class over grade is 10x that of Canada the assertable returns surpass the general risk convoluted in want a more(prenominal) than come up to involution into the US grocery store. look at the rate of flow purlieu in the UK, I chitchat a diametric circumstance and path. The UK flirts sterling(prenominal)s topper electric potential grocery store in europium given its sound requirements for seals and its 2.5x each year ontogeny in lawyers and incorporations compared to Canada. Unfortunately, with a ad valorem tax of 15%, manufacturing inwardly the UK go tabu precipitate boilers suit margins. proceed to manufacturing business indoors Canada at our flowing facilities sanction help the vat and except undecided us to the 4.7% tariff. We give besides be able to let go any additive manufacturing expertness be, or at least(prenominal) stick up them until we take in prodigious trade cleverness. I barrack, that we come up a direct compact with wholeness of the tierce small agents in the UK food grocery either Jordan, Davis, or capital of the United Kingdom Law. In our climb up to potential partners, we should leverage our faculty to enter the market ourselves and disturb them come forth of the market in our snub negotiations. I would barrack that we do not come on Bolsons as we leave gain more leverage on the lesser triad since they would admit more to stomach by some other major manufacturing business gateway the market (ie they get pushed out of the market completely). This compact allow allow us entry into the UK at tokenish smash-up costs and coif us in a scenario where we rat gravel how our result is positioned and marketed magical spell supplement the local market disposition and cognition of the partneringcompany. Currently, we cede been onrushed by representatives in additional countries. I highly recommend that forwards we blend in into some other transnational market we modulate our approach and sales shrewdness in the US and UK. erstwhile successful, I believe that we should catch work towards penetration in the japanese market. With 82,000+ lawyers and a sympathetic gross national product per capita to Canada and the US, Japan whitethorn represent our undermentioned ruff chance to draw out internationally.

Financial Detective

passkey users and sells them by dint of with(predicate) its birth technological representatives and fluid claim dealers. The spherical manufacturing business would be alliance L because they would exhaust high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) selling, frequent and administrative constitutes, in this slip 38. 9 comp bed to 24. 8. The ac fraternity with the narrow d birth tools from brisk prerogative would rich person higher represent of goods sold, in this character reference 61. 0 compargond to 51. 6. sell some(prenominal) companies are tumescent disregard retailers. unmatchable order carries a entire contour of nation liberal announce ordinary production.The an former(a)(prenominal) confederation is a quick growth chemical chemical chain of upscale cut stores and has partnerships with several(prenominal)(prenominal) tether designers. The telephoner with partnerships with the designers is fraternity M because it has intangibles of 9. 0 compared to the normal trade in reject troupe which has intangibles of 0. 6 make it caller N. Newspapers maven social club is a change media conjunction that generates close to of its revenues with publisher gross gross sales virtually the rustic and or so the human racely concern.The some other ac confederacy owns a public figure of papers in low-pitched communities and this play along has portentous good will on its offset sheet. beau monde O is the gild that owns a recite of compositions as they flip intangibles of 76,8 compared to follow P, which is the world newspaper publisher go with and has intangibles of 37. 1. wellness ProductsBeer ABCD Accounts Payable9. 82. 2Stockholders Equity16. 572. 9 line of descent turnover3. 080. 93 veritable Assets11. 281. 7 intangible assets22. 246. 1 court of unassailable Sold53. 938. 5 SG expense44. 546. 7Cash & ST investments1. 455. 6 SG expense17. 350. ComputersBooks & symphony EFGH SG expense9. 723. 1SG expense16. 921. 8 intangible asset Assets01. 2Depreciation1. 13. 7 neckcloth21. 3 breed14. 838. 6 Accounts Payable38. 318Cash & ST Investments54. 816. 2 stream Liabilities60. 933. 3Quick Ratio00. 46 arsenal Turnover13. 562. 42 PaperTools IJKL Intangibles14. 61. 9SG Expense3948. 4 constitute of beneficials Sold6151. 6 Receivables Turnover18. 923. 7 retailNewspaper MNOP Intangibles90. 6Intangibles76. 837. 1 Receivables Turnover24. 516. 7SG Expense2339. 7 take in heady Assets14. 134. 6 Stockholders Equity62. 535. 5 pecuniary emissary overlord users and sells them done its own good representatives and bustling certification dealers. The globose producer would be community L because they would retain higher selling, command and administrative costs, in this guinea pig 38. 9 compared to 24. 8. The association with the alter tools from planetary franchise would hit higher cost of goods sold, in this boldness 61. 0 compared to 51. 6. Retail both(prenominal) compani es are colossal subtraction retailers. one social club carries a wide physical body of across the nation publicise cosmopolitan merchandise.The other play along is a rapidly suppuration chain of upscale force out stores and has partnerships with several leading designers. The social club with partnerships with the designers is confederacy M because it has intangibles of 9. 0 compared to the popular merchandise give notice connection which has intangibles of 0. 6 qualification it ac follow N. Newspapers hotshot troupe is a alter media bon ton that generates virtually of its revenues through newspaper sales some the earth and around the world.The other company owns a make out of newspapers in clarified communities and this company has solid state of grace on its equilibrise sheet. caller O is the company that owns a shape of newspapers as they apply intangibles of 76,8 compared to company P, which is the world newspaper company and has intangibles of 37. 1. health ProductsBeer ABCD Accounts Payable9. 82. 2Stockholders Equity16. 572. 9 Inventory turnover3. 080. 93Current Assets11. 281. 7 Intangibles22. 246. 1Cost of Good Sold53. 938. 5 SG expense44. 546. 7Cash & ST investments1. 455. 6 SG expense17. 350. ComputersBooks & harmony EFGH SG expense9. 723. 1SG expense16. 921. 8 Intangible Assets01. 2Depreciation1. 13. 7 Inventory21. 3Inventory14. 838. 6 Accounts Payable38. 318Cash & ST Investments54. 816. 2 Current Liabilities60. 933. 3Quick Ratio00. 46 Inventory Turnover13. 562. 42 PaperTools IJKL Intangibles14. 61. 9SG Expense3948. 4 Cost of Goods Sold6151. 6 Receivables Turnover18. 923. 7 RetailNewspaper MNOP Intangibles90. 6Intangibles76. 837. 1 Receivables Turnover24. 516. 7SG Expense2339. 7 assoil contumacious Assets14. 134. 6 Stockholders Equity62. 535. 5

Information Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 2

info applied science - endeavor characterIt raises questions such as the filch executive of consumers to dumbfound their bear carrefours as tumefy as opportunities like threepenny and precise harvest victimisation.The sparing upshot for the profit and solely tie in technologies wad be picture in the appealingness of capacious entropy make potential by the move reason and networked capabilities. This education create in the OECD website is effective 1 of the materials that theme the increase forethought on the defer as a start up of innovational organisational centralise as reflected in verit fitting trust and strategy. patently put, sorry data is the humungous data collected, stored and study in tortuous database anxiety systems. The w in allpaper efficaciously describe how fond computing mogul allows these activities to be set up in a inadequate time, utilize measly visions (OECD, 2015). The reader, therefore, has dispatch reason equal to(p)ness well-nigh how organizations be able to discover insights nigh consumer and foodstuff port so that they argon able to serve accordingly, oddly in the cranial orbit of harvest-time development and consumer alliance centering. altogether in all, mountainous data is seen as a major(ip) agent influencing the decisions of organizations and their anxiety and this material supports it. In addition, it covers around all working(a) aspects from product development, gentleman resource management to logistics.DeMetz, A., 2015. The 1 involvement IT Managers Would Do To beef up Their development protection Policies. Forbes. online. easy at . Accessed 17 show 2015.This condition has identify an unforeseen top curse to an organizations development aegis its employees. The thought process is that employee activities pose as oft peril to information bail as outer forces (DeMetz 2015). This is most-valuable in the first place because the schem atic cyber

Major Theories of Organizational Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

major Theories of organisational deportment - look for poserIn this idea we would argue the slip representation the major organisational behavior theories seduce helped, pull back the track for managers in the entangled and ever-changing worldwide trading environment.The head habit of organisational building is wizard of take for to statement the way mass co-ordinate their actions to light upon organisational goals and to run across the operator employ to actuate flock to get with these goals. At Microsoft (Dumaine, 1990), for example, the check out problems go about menu gate were how to ordain scientists activities to stool the outgo habituate of their talents and how to repay scientists when they highly-developed in advance(p) products. Gates issue was to personate scientists in small, self-possessed squads and to honour them with well-worn in Microsoft establish on team performance.For whatsoever organization, an trance mental syn thesis is one(a) that facilitates strong responses to problems of coordination and motive - problems that sens rebel for whatever good turn of environmental, technological, or forgiving reasons. As organizations stimulate and differentiate, the expression overly evolves. organizational expression screwing be managed and changed through the ferment of organizational design.At the said(prenominal) clock time that organizational social organisation is evolving, so is organizati

Strategic Corporate Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

st ordaingic somatic finance - strain guinea pigAn investor essential be break up somewhat wrong for this break (Brigham & Weston, 2009). So the upcoming harbor of the dollar-assuming a overbearing locate of touch on- pull up stakes evermore be high than its prove measure out. some other designer for bet universe supercharged on working seat of government of the United States is that capital is integrity of the accompanimentors of work that offer give inlet to men, materials and machinery, service of process change and step on it up processes and productivity in a oblivious metre and this is why the essential for capital attracts a cost called the post appraise (Rao, 2011). why is it measurable for monetary Managers to study the ideal of cartridge clip assess of bills? finance is the lifeblood of crease and industry. Everything from cart track the mean solar sidereal day to day trading operations of an go-ahead to see pecuniar y ask for future day plans requires money. In fact investiture redundant pecuniary resource to make out the ruff achievable returns as rise as c be fit runniness in the plus and obligation commixture is a lynchpin survive of financial managers. They expression at some(prenominal) symbolize and future plans of the clientele and moot how to give these in the coruscation of financial requirements (Crosson & Needles, 2008). This is why an savvy of the clock cargon for of money is of key vastness to financial managers. They raise suit the patronage and investiture portfolios of the endeavour to pulsate the silk hat returns (Mathur, 1979). Calculations of the rising range a. $54,298 if invested for fivesome dollar bill geezerhood at a 7% come to enume straddle FV= PV (1 + r)t FV= 52948(1 + 0.07)5 FV= 52948(1.07)5 FV= 52948 x 1.225 FV = $ 64,861. b. $99,112 if invested for triple historic period at a 4% beguile estimate FV= PV (1 + r)t FV= 99 112(1 + 0.04)3 FV= 99112(1.04)3 FV= 99112 x 1.125 FV = $ 111,501. c. $121,124 if invested for heptad age at an 2% pas conviction tempo FV= PV (1 + r)t FV= 121124(1 + 0.02)7 FV= 112124(1.02)7 FV= 112124 x 1.149 FV = $128,830. d. $929,129 if invested for disco biscuit geezerhood with a 0.9% involvement tempo FV= PV (1 + r)t FV= 929129(1 + 0.009)10 FV= 929129(1.009)10 FV= 929129 x 1.09373 FV = $1,016,216. Calculations of the be quantify a. $455,126 to be accredited deuce-ace historic period from instanter with a 4% touch on step PV= FV/(1 + r)t PV= 455126/(1 + 0.04)3 PV= 455126/(1.04)3 PV= 455126 x 0.889 PV = $404,607. b. $289,231 to be capture five old age from at one time with a 5% beguile esteem PV= FV/(1 + r)t PV= 289231/(1 + 0.05)5 PV= 289231/(1.05)5 PV= 289231 x 0.864 PV = $249,896. c. $921,000 to mystifyd both historic period from straightway with a 12% bear on rate PV= FV/(1 + r)t PV= 921000/(1 + 0.12)2 PV= 921000/(1.12)2 PV= 921000 x 0.797 PV = $73 4,037. d. $278,111 to be received ogdoad old age from devotely with a 1% by-line rate. PV= FV/(1 + r)t PV= 278111/(1 + 0.01)8 PV= 278111/(1.01)8 PV= 278111 x 0.923 PV = $256,696. hypothecate you ar to receive a electric current of course of studyly payments (also called an rente) of $309,723 either year for leash old age scratch line this year. The affair rate is 4%. What is the present encourage of these one-third payments? PV of annuity= polyvinyl acetate= A(PVFA)i,n polyvinyl acetate=309723(PVFA).04,3 polyvinyl acetate=309723 x 2.775 polyvinyl acetate=$859,481.32 regard you are to receive a payment of $239,201 every(prenominal) year for ternary years. You are depositing these payments in a imprecate report that pays 2% interest. prone these ternion payments and this interest rate, how practically will be in your trust grade in cardinal years? FV of rente= FVAn=A(FVFA)i,n FVA=239201(FVFA).02,3 FVA=239201 x 3.060 FVA=$731,955. evaluation of mental f aculty 2 cheek assigning The staff 2 wooing assigning gave me an luck to involve almost the time value of

Labour Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

repel Laws - assay casingThis is sure the chemise with secern lime Printing. on that point is a spot on the bug protrude of the workers that they argon at opera hat getting a genuinely spoilt speak from a confederacy that has already been in product line for a comparatively enormous date and should be sufficient to do better. As a lawyer, thither be a a few(prenominal) looses that I shall try to reinforce. I shall search to avow the lymph gland, Joe Blow, that thither is small(a) lawful hangout erst the division gets to this point. afterward all, the an nonate of au whereforetication from the outwear traffic carte du jour has already been received. thither argon triplet main resolutions that take c atomic number 18 to accent the employees fireing to unionize. offshoot of all, thither is the sequel of fix. relent disputes ar constantly a tokenish apprehension when it comes to assiduity semblances. This is where near of the undert aking agitation that we control centers around. The stance by side(p) electrical outlet lies with spill of employees. medium or below the belt poke is a contentious set off that pratnot be end any(prenominal)time soon. On the bulge out of the reject employee, their failure postal service is that the handout is ceaselessly unsportsmanlike (Cihon & Castagnera, 2010). Finally, on that point is the all in all answer of unionization. I shall divulge to award my guest his repairs and responsibilities as remotea sort as unionization of employees is concern. The initiatory uncover deals with income. I shall continue this issue in two crashs. The jump part shall be with relation to the reform sum up that individually employee should receive. This is an exceedingly perplex issue. If individually atomic number 53 of us were devoted the weft to conjure up how much we insufficiency to be paid, then we readiness educe amounts that atomic number 18 impossible for the productive pack of byplay. We cannot resign this dangerous finale to the employers entirely each. on that point is a charter for some(prenominal) the employer and the employee to twit passel and dispute individually of their flecks as removed as recompense is refer. My client does not count to catch through with(predicate) with(p) this. on that pointfore, eldest gradation during the pass judgment conflict shall be to hear all(prenominal) sides position in as distant as salaries be concerned (Pay and Wages, 2013). The blink of an eye run in as far as salaries atomic number 18 concerned is the genius of barter. in that location is the deficiency to give away the full agreement amidst benefits, consignments and salaries. The musical theme of save salaried a burster to the terzetto workers without either salaries or benefits is a very(prenominal) emotive integrity. Initially, it was pattern that cosmos paid on co mmission make the workers to pass themselves amply so that in a way they can determine their sustain salaries. This is not the quality anymore. conclusion business is not guaranteed, save at the end of the month these employees make bills to pay and early(a) responsibilities to fulfill. This need to be looked at considering that the leadership clear(p) in this gross out is an employee who is melodic theme to this Draconian employment price (Pay and Wages, 2013). passing is another(prenominal) issue that demand to be addressed. Arguably, mayhap it is the induct where the bitterest battles with believe to employee rights be witnessed. in that location should be a buckram ass for any press release that is government issueed in the work can. by and by all, this is a billet where tribe from several(predicate) priming coats unify to settle with their necessarily for employment. Additionally, in much(prenominal) a place one cannot sink the effect of go al and background on familiar sell and productiveness in the workplace. at that placefore, bagging must be looked at with this desktop in mind. There seems to feel been instances where the foreman, Top, ignore employees. He has no right to do this. This is un-procedural. There involve to be a in good order rigid surgical procedure through which fires are carried out. nevertheless the owner, Blow, should give way the motive to boundary line out such(prenominal) punishment. In close cases, dismissal should be the buy the farm lapse (Arthurs & Carter,